Construction by own hands and features of lightweight concrete walls
Contents ✓
Lightweight concrete walls and blocks. Adobe. Foam concrete.
Lightweight concrete walls can be either monolithic or small-block. The builders of "self-made" they are rightfully very popular.
Materials.
For a monolithic wall, the material can be: slag concrete, expanded clay concrete, sawdust concrete. When choosing any material the walls will need to be plastered outside or paneled or bricked. When assembling door and window frames, do not forget to leave a gap of a centimeter in 2 above them to build up the walls, and we recommend wrapping the boxes with several layers of roofing paper - usually a couple of layers will suffice.
How to make formwork
The quality of lightweight monolithic walls will depend on how well the formwork itself is made.
- It is made both for the whole wall and for the entire perimeter of the house under construction.
- The boards are tightly fitted to each other, connected by racks-bars into shields.
- To prevent them from bursting, put metal ties.
- Concrete fill with layers of thickness of 15-25 centimeters.
- Each of the layers is pierced with a metal rod or reinforcement, and rammed with a wooden rammer. After 3-4 days (depending on the weather at the time of construction), the formwork can be removed.
- For the entire period of time it is recommended that the concrete be covered with roofing material.
What is better to do?
Lightweight concrete is usually prepared from cement and coal slag in proportions of one to ten. The sawdust is made of lime, cement, sand and dry sawdust (in proportions1: 1: 2: 6). Plastering the walls can be done as soon as you remove the formwork. And to mount the floors not earlier than in 2 weeks after the end of the work on concreting. The walls of concrete with sawdust are approx. 2 times cheaper than brick walls. With normal protection against atmospheric precipitation, their service life may exceed half a century. Blocks from sawdust-concrete are made taking into account that at the moment of the beginning of work on the laying of walls they already had good strength and normal humidity.
Lightweight concrete blocks
Many builders prefer small lightweight blocks - or ready made independently, with your own hands. The material can be expanded clay, coal slag, as well as sawdust. When using the treasure, the same solutions are used as in the laying of bricks. These walls are better plastered outside with a cement-sand mortar or a brick with an air gap. In this case, it is better to make a metal bond between the brick wall and the main one approximately every 5-6 rows of masonry. To fix the door and window boxes along the edges of the openings, put wooden plugs.
Samannye Blocks
This now ancient material is known for a long time, especially in the south - the Kuban, the Rostov region, etc., where there is a big difference between night and day temperatures. They are slowly heated and also cool slowly, creating the best thermal regime in this climate. Saman is made from fiber additives (for example, and most often straw, dry grass), clay and sand. Clay should be harvested from autumn, and it's already spring to work. Correctly made samannye blocks do not collapse when falling even from a height of 2-3 meter. The walls of such raw brick are plastered with a solution of clay and sand and whitened, unless they plan otherwise. Skos at the roofs of such buildings should be at least 60-70 centimeters.
Foam Concrete
Foam concrete blocks are gradually replacing conventional ones as they have become popular in construction. For private homes, this is one of the best options. Foam concrete is a very lightweight cellular type concrete. It consists of water, sand, active substances which form the foam itself. Foam concrete is a material made from whipped cement mortar, which can contain up to 95 percent of the air of its entire weight. Foam concrete material is cold-resistant, with a sufficiently high vapor tightness and durable.
Recommended wall thickness in different regions |
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240 mm |
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280 mm |
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350 mm |
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400 mm |
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