Waterproofing of the apartment: bathroom, kitchen, toilet, etc. - materials, standards and SNIPs.
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HOW TO MAKE THE WATERPROOF OF THE KITCHEN, BATHROOM, SHOWER, LAUNDRY, TOILET
HOW TO MAKE IT SO WATER FROM BATHROOM, SHOWER, LAUNDRY, TOILET OR KITCHEN HAS NOT THROUGH CONSTRUCTION STRUCTURES AND OUTSIDE THE ROOMS? FOR THIS, DURING CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR IT IS NECESSARY TO COMPLETELY WATER INTO A WAY.
Proper and reliable waterproofing in wet areas of a house or apartment is a very important element of the design, because leakage of water to the floor or walls can easily destroy structural materials and cause serious damage to the house and property.
The insidiousness of the water that has penetrated into the building structure lies in the fact that the owners usually do not notice the damage caused until it reaches a significant scale and does not manifest itself visually. In conditions of high humidity, wooden structures due to biological destruction become unusable in 2-3 years, steel loses strength due to corrosion in 10-12 years, and stone, concrete and reinforced concrete structures are destroyed after 40-50 years of operation.
Waterproofing provides a durable service of buildings, structures and equipment, increasing their safety from damage by water, frost and biological factors.
WHAT IS WATERPROOFING
Waterproofing is the application of substances and coatings to the surface or introduction into the structure of structural materials that create a single protective layer impervious to water. Waterproofing protects both water penetration and leakage, from the effects of water with hydrostatic backwater, without backwater and with capillary suction.
In practice, the methods of waterproofing devices are classified according to the types of materials used and methods of application. So, there is a waterproofing made of rolled materials, of mastics and paints, of solutions, mixtures and hydrophobic powders, of metal and polymer sheets, as well as coating, injection and impregnating waterproofing.
When arranging and repairing wet rooms and areas in apartments and private houses with floors and walls made of stone materials most often resort to the device of the combined waterproofing. For example, waterproofing mastics applied by a coating method are used in conjunction with polymeric sheet materials to strengthen critical places (runoff, pipe outlets and communications, corners and joints of horizontal and vertical surfaces). In houses from wooden surfaces). In houses made of wood or frame structures for waterproofing use roll materials deposited on a flat waterproof base.
Floor waterproofing is regulated in the 8.6 section of the 71.13330.2017 Joint Venture “Insulating and Finishing Coatings”, in the 5.6 section of the 28.13330.2012 Joint Venture “Building Structures Against Corrosion” and in the “Floors” Code of Practice -2.03.13 "Insulating and finishing coatings").
See also: Errors home waterproofing device - expert advice
WATERPROOF WATERPROOFING - VIDEO
WHERE IS A WATERPROOF IS NEEDED?
Waterproofing is necessary wherever there is the potential for water to enter building structures: in bathrooms, showers, laundries, boiler rooms, and in kitchens. In the shower, waterproofing of all walls is required up to a height of 1,8-2,0 m, if the design does not provide for the use of a waterproof cabin.
Bathrooms need waterproofing of the walls, located next to the bathroom and shower. In the remaining rooms, it is sufficient to waterproof the floor, drains, and abutting walls to the floor and walls to a height of at least 20.
NEEDS FOR POROZHEK
To prevent water from leaking into adjacent rooms, the finishing level of the floors in the toilets and bathrooms should be 15-20 mm below the level of the floor in adjacent rooms or the rooms should be separated by a threshold. It is also recommended to perform a leveling from the 5% threshold. Ideally, the bathroom floor should have a drain leading to the sewage system in order to drain non-bath water that has fallen onto the floor.
KITCHEN FLOOR WATERPROOFING - VIDEO
PREPARATION OF SURFACES UNDER WATERPROOFING
In a wooden or frame house, waterproofing construction sheets, such as Knauf Aquapanel, are mounted for waterproofing over wooden or composite structural materials. Fix sheets stainless steel fasteners. Without fail, all the seams between sheets are glued with elastic reinforced waterproofing materials.
In the future, their waterproofing will be carried out in the same way as in rooms with stone walls and ceiling. Stone walls are leveled to create flat and smooth surfaces, free from dust and flaking materials (old paint, plaster). All rusting nails and screws are removed from the walls, replacing them with stainless ones if necessary. All openings from remote fasteners are filled with cement-based mortar or waterproofing material.
All materials applied to the walls should be allowed to dry and gain strength in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Coarse surface defects are ground.
PADDING
The first layer of primer or waterproofing primer is applied to the wall using a brush and working with vertical strokes. Apply material from floor to ceiling. You must ensure that the surface is covered with everything, without gaps.
The primer or primer should be allowed to dry for at least six hours (or according to the manufacturer's instructions).
The second layer of primer or primer is applied in horizontal strokes over the entire surface, rising from the floor to the ceiling. The layer is allowed to dry in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
See also: Waterproofing a bathroom with your own hands - how to do it right?
WATERPROOFING AND FLOORING
To seal any connections between materials, around the drainage, around the pipes, along the line between the floor and walls, in the corners of the walls use self-adhesive waterproofing tape, sheets or strips of waterproofing material. Sealing the joint between the walls and the floor will provide a waterproof joint even in the case of low mobility of structural elements. The joints of sheets and tapes are laid with an overlap of at least 100 mm.
Using a wide brush or roller, apply liquid waterproofing mastic on all joints covered with waterproofing tape and on the floor, retreating to the exit. In mastic, a glass mesh is embedded for the reinforcement of a waterproofing coating and allowed to mastic to dry completely.
Then put the mastic on the walls with vertical strokes and also allow it to dry completely. Put a second layer of mastic on the floor with brush strokes at right angles to the first layer of brush strokes and allow the mastic to dry completely.
Next, horizontal strokes are applied with a second layer of mastic on the walls.
After applying the second layer, it is necessary to let the mastic dry completely for several days before proceeding with tile laying.
After complete drying of the waterproofing mastic, it is plastered with a thin layer of waterproof tile adhesive. To enhance the design, you can apply plaster on the glass mesh.
On the floor, on top of the mastic, you can perform a tie to protect the waterproofing layer from mechanical damage.
After drying the plaster layer, you can begin to lay tiles on waterproof glue.
© Author: Andrey Dachnik, construction blogger Dom.Dacha-Dom.ru
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