Do-it-yourself Mittlayer beds - their Pros and Cons?
Contents ✓
BOXES OF BOXES ON MITLAIDER OWN HANDS
Mittlider method involves the creation of a garden in the form of narrow beds or boxes-beds.
In the first case, the garden is divided into strips where narrow beds alternate, on which, in fact, crops are grown, and wide aisles, which practically do not require processing. The length of the beds is arbitrary and depends on the size of the plot and the desire of the owners. Their standard width is 45 cm, and the row-spacing is 75-105 cm. Do not be afraid of this row-spacing width: it is necessary for the full development of plants. By the way, if you want to organize melon in this way, then the passages in this case need to be expanded to 2,5 m and eventually send a whip of watermelons and melons to them.
The strips of the beds are directed from north to south: this is how vegetables get the most light. The plot is pre-leveled so that there is no slope and the water along with the fertilizers remained inside the beds without getting into the aisle. For the same, along the perimeter of the beds of the ground, the sides of 9-10 cm are formed, but the beds themselves in no way raise: they remain at the same level with the rows.
Carrots, beets, onions, garlic, radishes, peas, beans on these narrow beds are sown strictly in the 2 series, and between them they pierce a groove for watering and dressings. So moisture and nutrients will flow strictly to the roots of plants, not spilling anywhere else. This saves fertilizer and leaves weeds sprouting between the rows. Zucchini, squash, pumpkin, cucumbers are sown in one row, and cabbage, peppers, tomatoes, eggplants, and lettuce are placed in a checkerboard pattern.
In this method, only narrow beds are cultivated, and the aisles do not dig at all. On the beds themselves need competent crop rotation. Cultures can be returned to their original location no earlier than in 3 of the year. In one year on the same bed you can get 2 harvest, for example, after early peas sowing late cucumbers. Desirable annual crops of green manure crops (at least the same mustard) after harvesting the main crop. Either before winter or in early spring, you can sow oats, and in May prikopat it before planting seedlings of tomatoes or eggplants.
IMPORTANT: it is not recommended to loosen the ground inside the ridges during the growing season. There will be few weeds (vegetables will grow quickly) and they need to be weed out manually.
Watering is practiced daily, with the exception of rainy periods. Watering can not be used at the same time: need watering at the root along the bed.
Mittlider's method assumes the strengthened top dressings. The scientist made the complex of fertilizers himself. It consists of two mixtures.
First: for alkaline soil, 1 kg of gypsum and 8 g of boric acid are taken, and for acidic, instead of gypsum, dolomite flour or fluff lime is needed.
Second, first prepare the base of the 11 parts of potassium. 11 parts of nitrogen and 6 parts of phosphorus. Then, for every 3 kg of base, 10 g of boric acid, 450 g of magnesium sulfate and 15 g of ammonium molybdate are added.
Mixtures must be prepared immediately prior to application to the soil. Let us consider the norm by the example of a bed with the size 0,45 x 10 m. Before sowing 1 kg of the first mixture is applied and 0,5 kg of the second one. After a decade, fertilizing is done with the second mixture in the amount of 220 g. Beets, onions, carrots will be enough to make three fertilizers per season, and tomatoes and cucumbers are advised to feed up to 7 times. You can spill the strip along the bed (no closer than 10 cm from the root) dry fertilizers with mandatory subsequent irrigation or dissolve them in water (100 g of fertilizer per 10 l of water).
If necessary, such greenhouses can be built mini-greenhouses, covering the soil with protective materials and thereby extending the growing season of vegetables for several weeks.
If the garden is small, you can arrange a second version of it according to Mittlayder. Remember fenced children's sandboxes? This is the type of box-beds, between which leave a width of 90 cm (they can be made capital if desired, covered with paving slabs). The height of the boxes should be about 20 cm, their shape is chosen according to the taste of the owners, if only it was convenient to care for the plants inside (width 45 cm for long and from 120 to 150 cm for square).
Boards, logs, slate, etc. can serve as fencing material. Inside the boxes, soil consisting of 20% sand, 40% sawdust from hardwood trees and 40% mixture of sunflower husk, nutshell, straw, is poured (and every year) tree bark, sphagnum moss, perlite or vermiculite. If this is problematic for you, you can fill the box with a mixture of humus, peat and soil from the vegetable garden. By the way, the roots of plants, if desired, germinate freely below bulk soil and take food and moisture from the depths of the soil.
The undoubted advantage of such a garden is the autonomy of each box, the possibility of installing them on the slopes (the depth of the soil in all corners of the box must be the same).
In the spring, the land in such boxes-beds gets warm faster, which makes it possible to speed up the landing, especially if you use the covering material to protect against frost. If you arrange a box in the form of benches around the perimeter, then you can even take care of the plants while sitting, and it will be convenient to spread the harvest just next to you on a clean surface.
Long box-beds are often used for vertical placement of cucumbers, climbing beans and other crops. To do this, you just need to drive the stakes along the edges of the beds and tighten the wire or twine in the 2-3 series, or construct A-shaped supports. In this case, the place is saved a lot, and you can cut the plants and harvest the crop from all sides of the garden. In this case, the stems and leaves of vegetables are not injured, in contrast to the care of vegetables, creeping on the ground.
Given that not everyone can afford to build a greenhouse, the method of growing vegetables in boxes covered with foil will help to get the harvest of early vegetables.
Heavy garden rains are not afraid of box-beds, since the earth in them is porous. At the same time, a dense planting retains moisture in the soil. Nutrients are not washed out of the enclosed garden, good lighting and ventilation do not allow fungal diseases to develop, in the spring the soil heats up early, but what is there - it produces heat itself! It is easy to shelter it from frost and shade it from the heat, after all, in the garden there is beauty, order, no dirt and weeds for you! To make sure of my words, first make one or two beds-boxes. To do this, select a suitable place and make markup. And you can safely take a fancy to an outdated lawn or an uncultivated piece of land.
See also: A vegetable garden on Mitlajderu - creation of fertile soil
LOCATION OF RIDES ON MITTLIDER
When the plot is inclined, the arrangement of ridge-boxes in the form of terraces should be vertically to the direction of the slope, but with a horizontal surface of the ridges.
FACILITY DEVELOPMENT BY MITTLIDER
The most suitable material for ridges is wooden boards. Besides the fact that they are easy to manufacture and have a neat appearance, they are also well suited for fastening shelters and fencing beds from row spacings. Experimenting a lot with the size of the ridges, we settled on the parameters 1,2 x 6,0 m. The ridge of this size is universal for various crops. It is easy to care for, besides weeds are difficult to gain a foothold in narrow ridges.
FELLOWSHIPS
One of the advantages of the method is that you can not dig up the aisles, which saves time and saves the strength of the gardener. Wide passages allow you to move freely with garden tools and provide additional space for the formation of plant roots.
THE SOIL
Before installing the box, the land on the site should be dug up, adding to it compost, peat, potash and phosphate fertilizers, and level the surface. With high acidity of the soil, it is necessary to add any deoxidizing agent, for example, dolomite flour or lime.
INSTALLATION ARC
Arcs can be made of flexible branches of hazel or ordinary rails. On our site we often use metal arcs of reinforcement and wire rod. Synthetic covering material, in particular, spunbond or lutrasil, is easily attached to such arcs. Temporary shelter is important in all phases of tomato development. In springtime, it contributes to the warming up of the soil and the preservation of moisture in it. In summer, the shelter protects the fruiting bushes from adverse weather, as well as defeat blight.
The covering canvas is attached to two wooden planks fixed along the ridges along the top of the arcs. Shelter fixed in this way is easy to quickly raise or lower if necessary. To the additional planks at the top of the arcs can also tie up the bushes of tomatoes.
CARE FOR CARBONS
Before the beginning of the winter period, the ground should be thrown away from the walls of the garden to the middle, which will prevent the box from deforming at low temperatures. Processing boxes with drugs with an anti-rotten effect will allow them to be used for several seasons. If such designs do not fit into the design of the site, they can be given more attractiveness with the help of various paints.
BULKING INSTEAD
One of the hardest jobs in the garden is weeding. Most crops need it all the time, because weeds climb throughout the season, taking food away from planted crops. But weeding is needed only where weeds grow, which means you need to find a way to make them not grow. This is not about herbicides, but about soil mulching.
It has a lot of advantages: it protects the soil from weathering and drying, does not allow the weeds to break through, and natural mulch later turns into nourishment.
In between the rows you can scatter the cut grass from the lawn or garden, and even the weeds, if only they did not have seeds. But for strawberries, blueberries, honeysuckle and other plants that love sour soil, coniferous litter will be the perfect mulch. Flower beds (with the exception of rosaries and beds with irises) can be decorated with a thick layer of wood chips or shredded tree bark. This will give an elegant look to the flower beds, and you will be spared the need to lean lower and pull the grown weed.
In small areas, it is easiest to use purchased covering material. It is quite durable and comfortable with its mobility. The same black plastic film or dense black agrofibre is indispensable for eradicating perennial weeds, otherwise the fight against them can become endless. And so - they covered a section littered with wheatgrass for the season, and in the autumn it remains only to plow it and, if necessary, repeat the procedure for next year.
In general, who wants to facilitate his work, he will find ways to do it.
See also: Cultivation of vegetables by the method of Mitlajdera in the open ground on narrow ridges.
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