Biological, environmentally friendly methods of combating diseases and pests
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COMBATING PESTS AND DISEASES OF MIXED PLANTS, NEIGHBORHOOD AND PLANE ALTERATION
Compare the garden, where many decorative crops grow, with the site on which only phloxes are planted. In the first case, if a particular plant gets sick with a disease specific to this species, its green neighbors will most likely not be affected. But if at least one bush is chandling in the phlox collection, all landings can die!
BATTLE WITHOUT A WINNER
Here's what the famous Austrian agrarian Sepp Holtzer says on this occasion:
- Monoculture is a confrontation, a constant struggle where all plants need the same nutrients. And in the soil they are not in such a large number. Therefore, we have to introduce synthetic fertilizers. Plants become dependent on the lack of substances, they begin to hurt. Then we start spraying from diseases - again the struggle ... All this instead of understanding: if the interaction of cultures is established in the garden, then they are healthy and supply each other with everything necessary. Plants become strong, a person spends a minimum of effort on caring for them.
TO KEEP DISTANCE
Collector Natalya SHCHEDRINA (Holzer’s student), says: - Despite the large number of varieties of peonies (more than 400!) On my site, they are not planted crowded, but dispersed. Beauties grow in the neighborhood with various shrubs - apricots, nuts, dogwood, viburnum, lemongrass, honeysuckle. The garden is seeded with a mixture of herbs that attract bees - alfalfa, clover, clover, buckwheat. Spicy aromatic plants (chamomile, hyssop, mint, St. John's wort, valerian, yarrow) are also held in high esteem. Peonies do not get sick, elegantly blooming. In some years, on different specimens I notice aphids and its faithful companions - ants. Insects do not allow the plant to show all its beauty, but in the next season the flowers become even more magnificent.
PHYTOCORE
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences Igor Ivanovich CHUKHLYAEV gave valuable advice:
- After a long cultivation in one place of plants (especially susceptible to fungal diseases), the health and fertility of the soil must be restored for at least three years (these are the consequences of monoculture). Only then, in the same area, you can plant something.
- In the first season, it is advisable to plant it with siderates, ideally - white mustard. It grows rapidly, so you can sow twice. Bring the plant to flowering, then mow, chop and let the day subside in the sun. After carefully close up into the soil. Mustard is equivalent to manure in nutritional properties.
- In October, plant garlic on this place.
- The year after the harvest (usually in July), sow the patch with winter rye seeds. It also needs to be mowed and dug in the fall.
- In April-May, plant onions on a turnip.
- After harvesting, sow the ground with mustard again, but with the addition of marigold seeds. These flowers perfectly repel pests (in particular, the stem nematode). The green mass can also be buried as green manure. Have time to do two crops? You are welcome.
- After all these works, the soil is cleaned and ready for planting any plants.
MIXED PEST LANDING
Says agronomist Ksenia NEFEDOVA, Moscow
- Mixed planting disorient harmful insects. Slower from the buzulnik, the host and the dieters will be scared away by borago, parsley, fennel or rosemary. Aphids from peonies and roses — cattleman, coriander, tagetes. Ants from trees and shrubs - mint, wormwood, lavender. As a result, the plants will remain strong and beautiful.
SPECIAL CAST
We know most terrestrial insects “in person” and already know how to deal with them using Fito-Verma and other drugs (according to the instructions). Another thing is pests living in the soil. Many seedlings were lost due to the larvae of the May beetle. Bulbs where the wireworm dwells disappear. And how many seedlings ruined bear!
MEASURES OF PREVENTION
Sow legumes as a green manure.
Fight wheat grass and dandelion.
When planting plants, add mustard cake to each well.
Lay out poisoned baits in the garden: soak slices of potatoes or watermelon peels in a solution of “Bitoxibacillin” (1 tsp / 1 liter of water), dig them to a depth of 5-10 cm in a flower bed or garden, dig them out and destroy them after 5-7 days pests.
"ADVANCED" METARIZINE PRODUCT
With soil pests, Metarizin does an excellent job. I dilute 5 g of the drug in 5 l of water, spill the solution with soil in spring and autumn. When dominating them in the ground, this should be done once every 2 weeks during the season.
IMPORTANT!
The Metarhizium fungus (as part of the preparation) inhibits the development of larvae and adult individuals of wireworm, bear, and maybug. It also affects pests that pass through several stages of development in the soil: tick, leaf beetle, Colorado potato beetle, weevil, moth, sawfly, crucifer bug, Crimean beetle, gall midge and many other insects.
APPLICATION OF METARISINE
MONTH | TECHNOLOGY | DOSAGE |
May | Spray roses from bacterial cancer and other infections | 0, 2% solution (20 g / 10 l of water) |
June | 2 weeks after planting, pour seedlings of any crops under the root | 0, 2% solution |
July | Spray the garden from late blight, powdery mildew | 0, 2% solution (waiting period 10 days) |
August | Etch the bulbs before planting | 0, 2% solution + Farmayod |
September | Coat the skeletal branches of shrubs from rust, scab | 0, 4% solution |
LEARNING THE ENEMY
Medvedka hibernates at a depth of 80-120 cm, begins to harm when the soil warms up to + 12-15 degrees. Females make a nest at a depth of 10-20 cm, where they lay their eggs and take care of newborn larvae. At first they feed on humus, then go to the roots of plants and earthworms. In addition to Metarizin, trapping pits with manure in the fall are effective for catching the bear.
Slugs prefer moist, shaded places. Rough surfaces are avoided (ash, cake, sandpaper).
Khrushchev can winter in compost heaps. Before making humus in the soil, I recommend sifting it.
See also: Do not leave a chance for the pest - folk recipes from pests, everything is natural!
Note
Now many people like to plant decorative trees in the plots. But they, unfortunately, are also affected by pests. So, in recent years, the molar miner has attacked chestnuts. An insect appears at the beginning of flowering. First, its caterpillars feed on leaf juice, then make moves in the tissues. They cause such enormous damage that the question is raised about the inappropriateness of growing chestnuts in the city.
With planting material from Western Europe, the gall mite Foke, who loves to feast on handsome maples, penetrated us. We have to process the tree crowns with Fitoverm (according to the instructions) throughout the season.
ASSISTANTS IN THE GARDEN
Ground beetle eats larvae, caterpillars, slugs.
Ladybug (plant tansy to attract her) destroys aphids.
The lacewing consumes up to 500 aphids per day!
See also: Eco-farming and growing of pure vegetables
BIOLOGICAL METHODS OF PEST CONTROL - VIDEO
© Author: L. Novikova
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Treating a plant is always more difficult than preventing the appearance of diseases in the garden. Such preventive measures help me.
1.Timely clean and burn the affected parts of the plants so that the disease does not spread.
2. The purchased plant is in no hurry to plant in the open ground. I keep it in quarantine for a while to make sure that it is healthy.
3. I purchase planting material only from responsible sellers and in reliable nurseries.
Fight against ants
Ants do a lot of damage to the garden. They spread aphids, are carriers of viral diseases, arrange colonies in the roots of plants, and flowers die. I begin to fight insects in early spring, as one colony during the summer can triple. The easiest way - traps (a piece of an old board, a wide stone), which I lay out on the site. Ants will not miss the opportunity to settle there. It remains only to suddenly raise this "shelter", collect unwanted guests and destroy. They also do not like salt. I sprinkle it with paths and places of accumulation of insects.
BTW
If you do not want the sawn tree (poplar, willow, etc.) to sprout again, salt will help in this case. It is enough to sprinkle the contents of the pack directly onto a fresh saw.